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Massive galaxies are key probes to understand how the baryonic matter evolveswithin the dark matter halos. We use the "archaeological" approach to infer thestellar population properties and star formation histories of the most massive(M > 10^10.75 Msun) and passive early-type galaxies (ETGs) at 0 < z < 0.3,based on stacked, high signal to noise ratio (SNR), Sloan Digital Sky Surveyspectra. We exploit the information present in the full-spectrum by means ofthe STARLIGHT public code to retrieve the ETGs evolutionary properties, such asage, metallicity and star formation history. We find that the stellarmetallicities are slightly supersolar (Z ~ 0.027 +/- 0.002) and do not dependon redshift. Dust extinction is very low, with a mean of Av ~ 0.08 +/- 0.03mag. The ETGs show an anti-hierarchical evolution (downsizing) where moremassive galaxies are older. The SFHs can be approximated by a parametricfunction of the form SFR(t) \propto \tau^-(c+1) t^(c) exp(-t/\tau), withtypical short e-folding times of \tau ~ 0.6 - 0.8 Gyr (and a dispersion of +/-0.1 Gyr) and c ~ 0.1 (and a dispersion of +/- 0.05). The inferred SFHs are alsoused to place constraints on the properties and evolution of the ETGprogenitors. In particular, the ETGs of our samples should have formed moststars through a phase of vigorous star formation (SFRs > 350-400 Msun yr^-1) atz ~ 4 - 5, and are quiescent by z ~ 1.5 -2. Our results represent an attempt todemonstrate quantitatively the evolutionary link between the most massive ETGsat z < 0.3 and the properties of suitable progenitors at high redshifts, alsoshowing that the full-spectrum fitting is a powerful approach to reconstructthe star formation histories of massive quiescent galaxies.

Inferring the star formation histories of the most massive and passive early-type galaxies at z<0.3