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We use the Herschel Hi-GAL survey data to study the spatial distribution inGalactic longitude and latitude of the interstellar medium and of dense,star-forming clumps in the inner Galaxy. The peak position and width of thelatitude distribution of the dust column density as well as of number densityof compact sources from the band-merged Hi-GAL photometric catalogues areanalysed as a function of longitude. The width of the diffuse dust columndensity traced by the Hi-GAL 500 micron emission varies across the innerGalaxy, with a mean value of 1{\deg}.2-1{\deg}.3, similar to that of the 250umHi-GAL sources. 70um Hi-GAL sources define a much thinner disk, with a meanFWHM of 0{\deg}.75, and an average latitude of b=0{\deg}.06, coincident withthe results from ATLASGAL. The GLAT distribution as a function of GLON showsmodulations, both for the diffuse emission and for the compact sources, with~0{\deg}.2 displacements mostly toward negative latitudes at l~ +40{\deg},+12{\deg}, -25{\deg} and -40{\deg}. No such modulations can be found in theMIPSGAL 24 or WISE 22 um data when the entire source samples are considered.The distortions revealed by Herschel are interpreted as large-scale bendingmodes of the Plane. The lack of similar distortions in tracers of more evolvedYSOs or stars rules out gravitational instabilities or satellite-inducedperturbations, as they should act on both the diffuse and stellar diskcomponents. We propose that the observed bends are caused by incoming flows ofextra-planar gas interacting with the gaseous disk. Stars decouple from thegaseous ISM and relax into the stellar disk potential. The time required forthe disappearance of the distortions from the diffuse ISM to the relativelyevolved YSO stages are compatible with star-formation timescales.

Large-scale latitude distortions of the inner Milky Way Disk from the Herschel/Hi-GAL Survey