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(Abridged) We use Herschel PACS observations at 70 and 160$\mu$m to probe theprotoplanetary disks around young stars in the CepOB2 clusters Tr37 and NGC7160and to trace the small-scale cloud structure. We detect 95 protoplanetary disksat 70$\mu$m, 41 at 160$\mu$m, and obtain upper limits for over 130 objects. Thedetection fraction at 70$\mu$m depends on the spectral type (88% for K4 orearlier, 17% for M3 or later stars) and on the disk type ($\sim$50% for fulland pre-transitional disks, $\sim$35% for transitional disks, nolow-excess/depleted disks detected). Non-accreting disks are consistent withsignificantly lower masses. Accreting transition and pre-transition disks havehigher 70$\mu$m excesses than full disks, suggestive of more massive, flaredand/or thicker disks. Herschel data also reveal several mini-clusters in Tr37,small, compact structures containing a few young stars surrounded bynebulosity. Far-IR data are an excellent probe of the evolution of disks thatare too faint for submillimetre observations. We find a strong link betweenfar-IR emission and accretion, and between the inner and outer disk structure.Herschel confirms the dichotomy between accreting and non-accreting transitiondisks. Substantial mass depletion and global evolution need to occur to shutdown accretion in a protoplanetary disk, even if the disk has inner holes.Disks likely follow different evolutionary paths: Low disk masses do not implyopening inner holes, and having inner holes does not require low disk masses.The mini-clusters reveal multi-episodic star formation in Tr37. The longsurvival of mini-clusters suggest that they formed from the fragmentation ofthe same core. Their various morphologies favour different formation/triggeringmechanisms acting within the same cluster. Herschel also unveils what could bethe first heavy mass loss episode of the O6.5 star HD206267.

The Herschel/PACS view of the Cep OB2 region: Global protoplanetary disk evolution and clumpy star formation