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To extend the molecular gas measurements to typical star-forming galaxies(SFGs) with SFR < 40 Msun yr^{-1} and M* < 2.5x10^{10} Msun at z~1.5-3, we haveobserved CO emission with the IRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer and 30mtelescope for five strongly-lensed galaxies selected from the Herschel LensingSurvey. These observations are combined with a compilation of CO measurementsfrom the literature. We infer the luminosity correction factors r2,1 =0.81+/-0.20 and r3,1 = 0.57+/-0.15 for the J=2 and J=3 CO transitions,respectively, valid for SFGs at z>1. The combined sample of CO-detected SFGs atz>1 shows a large spread in star formation efficiency (SFE), such that SFEextend beyond the low values of local spirals and overlap the distribution ofz>1 sub-mm galaxies. We find that the spread in SFE (or equivalently inmolecular gas depletion timescale) is due to primarily the specific starformation rate, but also stellar mass and redshift. Correlations of SFE withthe offset from the main-sequence and the compactness of the starburst are lessclear. The increase of the molecular gas depletion timescale with M* nowrevealed by low M* SFGs at z>1 and observed at z=0 is in contrast to theadmitted constant molecular gas depletion timescale and the linearKennicutt-Schmidt relation. We confirm an increase of the molecular gasfraction (fgas) from z~0.2 to z~1.2, followed by a very mild increase towardhigher redshifts. At each redshift fgas shows a large dispersion due to thedependence of fgas on M*, producing a gradient of increasing fgas withdecreasing M*. We provide the first measure of fgas of z>1 SFGs at the low-M*end (10^{9.4} < M*/Msun < 10^{9.9}), reaching a mean fgas = 0.69+/-0.18, whichshows a clear fgas upturn. Finally, we find evidence for a non-universaldust-to-gas ratio among high-redshift SFGs and sub-mm galaxies, local spiralsand ULIRGs with near-solar metallicities.

Molecular gas content in strongly-lensed z~1.5-3 star-forming galaxies with low IR luminosities