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Structure formation in the current Universe operates through the accretion ofgroup-scale systems onto massive clusters. The detection and study of suchaccreting systems is crucial to understand the build-up of the most massivevirialized structures we see today. We report the discovery with XMM-Newton ofan irregular X-ray substructure in the outskirts of the massive galaxy clusterAbell 2142. The tip of the X-ray emission coincides with a concentration ofgalaxies. The bulk of the X-ray emission of this substructure appears to belagging behind the galaxies and extends over a projected scale of at least 800kpc. The temperature of the gas in this region is 1.4 keV, which is a factor of~4 lower than the surrounding medium and is typical of the virialized plasma ofa galaxy group with a mass of a few 10^13M_sun. For this reason, we interpretthis structure as a galaxy group in the process of being accreted onto the maindark-matter halo. The X-ray structure trailing behind the group is due to gasstripped from its original dark-matter halo as it moves through theintracluster medium (ICM). This is the longest X-ray trail reported to date.For an infall velocity of ~1,200 km s-1 we estimate that the stripped gas hasbeen surviving in the presence of the hot ICM for at least 600 Myr, whichexceeds the Spitzer conduction timescale in the medium by a factor of >~400.Such a strong suppression of conductivity is likely related to a tangledmagnetic field with small coherence length and to plasma microinstabilities.The long survival time of the low-entropy intragroup medium suggests that theinfalling material can eventually settle within the core of the main cluster.

The stripping of a galaxy group diving into the massive cluster A2142