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The Yarkovsky effect is a weak non-gravitational force leading to a smallvariation of the semi-major axis of an asteroid. Using radar measurements andastrometric observations, it is possible to measure a drift in semi-major axisthrough orbit determination. This paper aims to detect a reliable drift insemi-major axis of near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) from ground-based observationsand to investigate the impact of precovery observations and the future Gaiacatalogue in the detection of a secular drift in semi-major axis. We havedeveloped a precise dynamical model of an asteroid's motion taking theYarkovsky acceleration into account and allowing the fitting of the drift insemi-major axis. Using statistical methods, we investigate the quality and therobustness of the detection. By filtering spurious detections with an estimatedmaximum drift depending on the asteroid's size, we found 46 NEAs with areliable drift in semi-major axis in good agreement with the previous studies.The measure of the drift leads to a better orbit determination and constrainssome physical parameters of these objects. Our results are in good agreementwith the 1/D dependence of the drift and with the expected ratio of progradeand retrograde NEAs. We show that the uncertainty of the drift mainly dependson the length of orbital arc and in this way we highlight the importance of theprecovery observations and data mining in the detection of consistent drift.Finally, we discuss the impact of Gaia catalogue in the determination of driftin semi-major axis.

Detection of Yarkovsky acceleration in the context of precovery observations and the future Gaia catalogue