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[Abridged] Classical novae (CNe) represent the major class of supersoft X-raysources (SSSs) in the central region of our neighbouring galaxy M31. Weperformed a dedicated monitoring of the M31 central region, aimed to detect SSScounterparts of CNe, with XMM-Newton and Chandra between Nov and Mar of theyears 2009/10, 2010/11 and 2011/12. In total we detected 24 novae in X-rays.Seven of these sources were known from previous observations, including the M31nova with the longest SSS phase, M31N~1996-08b, which was found to fade belowour X-ray detection limit 13.8 yr after outburst. Of the new discoveriesseveral novae exhibit significant variability in their short-term X-ray lightcurves with one object showing a suspected period of about 1.3 h. We studiedthe SSS state of the most recent outburst of a recurrent nova which hadpreviously shown the shortest time ever observed between two outbursts (about 5yr). The total number of M31 novae with X-ray counterpart was increased to 79and we subjected this extended catalogue to detailed statistical studies. Fourpreviously indicated correlations between optical and X-ray parameters could beconfirmed and improved. We found indications that the multi-dimensionalparameter space of nova properties might be dominated by a single physicalparameter. We discuss evidence for a different X-ray behaviour of novae in theM31 bulge and disk. Exploration of the multi-wavelength parameter space ofoptical and X-ray measurements is shown to be a powerful tool for examiningproperties of extragalactic nova populations. While there are hints that thedifferent stellar populations of M31 (bulge vs disk) produce dissimilar novaoutbursts, there is also growing evidence that the overall behaviour of anaverage nova might be understood in surprisingly simple terms.

X-ray monitoring of classical novae in the central region of M31. III. Autumn and winter 2009/10, 2010/11 and 2011/12