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We perform an analysis of the diffuse low-frequency Galactic components inthe Southern part of the Gould Belt system (130^\circ\leq l\leq 230^\circ and-50^\circ\leq b\leq -10^\circ). Strong ultra-violet (UV) flux coming from theGould Belt super-association is responsible for bright diffuse foregrounds thatwe observe from our position inside the system and that can help us improve ourknowledge of the Galactic emission. Free-free emission and anomalous microwaveemission (AME) are the dominant components at low frequencies (\nu < 40 GHz),while synchrotron emission is very smooth and faint. We separate diffusefree-free emission and AME from synchrotron emission and thermal dust emissionby using Planck data, complemented by ancillary data, using the "CorrelatedComponent Analysis" (CCA) component separation method and we compare with theresults of cross-correlation of foreground templates with the frequency maps.We estimate the electron temperature T_e from H$\alpha$ and free-free emissionusing two methods (temperature-temperature plot and cross-correlation) and weobtain T_e ranging from 3100 to 5200 K, for an effective fraction of absorbingdust along the line of sight of 30% (f_d=0.3). We estimate the frequencyspectrum of the diffuse AME and we recover a peak frequency (in flux densityunits) of 25.5 \pm 1.5 GHz. We verify the reliability of this result withrealistic simulations that include the presence of biases in the spectral modelfor the AME and in the free-free template. By combining physical models forvibrational and rotational dust emission and adding the constraints from thethermal dust spectrum from Planck and IRAS we are able to get a gooddescription of the frequency spectrum of the AME for plausible values of thelocal density and radiation field.

Planck intermediate results. XII: Diffuse Galactic components in the Gould Belt System