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We collected multiband imaging and spectroscopy for two fossil groups (RXJ1119.7+2126 and 1RXS J235814.4+150524) and one normal group (NGC 6034). Wecomputed photometric redshifts in the central zones of each group, combiningprevious data with the SDSS five-band data. For each group we investigated thered sequence (RS) of the color-magnitude relation and computed the luminosityfunctions, stellar population ages and distributions of the group members.Spectroscopy allowed us to investigate the large-scale surroundings of thesegroups and the substructure levels in 1RXS J235814.4+150524 and NGC 6034. Thelarge-scale environment of 1RXS J235814.4+150524 is poor, though its galaxydensity map shows a clear signature of the surrounding cosmic web. RXJ1119.7+2126 appears to be very isolated, while the cosmic environment of NGC6034 is very rich. At the group scale, 1RXS J235814.4+150524 shows nosubstructure. Galaxies with recent stellar populations seem preferentiallylocated in the group outskirts. A RS is discernable for all three groups in acolor-magnitude diagram. The luminosity functions based on photometric redshiftselection and on statistical background subtraction have comparable shapes, andagree with the few points obtained from spectroscopic redshifts. Theseluminosity functions show the expected dip between first and second brightestgalaxies for the fossil groups only. Their shape is also regular and relativelyflat at faint magnitudes down to the completeness level for RX J1119.7+2126 andNGC 6034, while there is a clear lack of faint galaxies for 1RXSJ235814.4+150524. RX J1119.7+2126 is definitely classified as a fossil group;1RXS J235814.4+150524 also has properties very close to those of a fossilgroup, while we confirm that NGC 6034 is a normal group.

Comparison of the properties of two fossil groups of galaxies with the normal group NGC 6034 based on multiband imaging and optical spectroscopy