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We report the detection of CoRoT-23b, a hot Jupiter transiting in front ofits host star with a period of 3.6314 \pm 0.0001 days. This planet wasdiscovered thanks to photometric data secured with the CoRoT satellite,combined with spectroscopic radial velocity (RV) measurements. A photometricsearch for possible background eclipsing binaries conducted at CFHT and OGSconcluded with a very low risk of false positives. The usual techniques ofcombining RV and transit data simultaneously were used to derive stellar andplanetary parameters. The planet has a mass of Mp = 2.8 \pm 0.3 MJup, a radiusof Rpl = 1.05 \pm 0.13 RJup, a density of \approx 3 g cm-3. RV data alsoclearly reveal a non zero eccentricity of e = 0.16 \pm 0.02. The planet orbitsa mature G0 main sequence star of V =15.5 mag, with a mass M\star = 1.14 \pm0.08 M\odot, a radius R\star = 1. 61 \pm 0.18 R\odot and quasi-solarabundances. The age of the system is evaluated to be 7 Gyr, not far from thetransition to subgiant, in agreement with the rather large stellar radius. Thetwo features of a significant eccentricity of the orbit and of a fairly highdensity are fairly uncommon for a hot Jupiter. The high density is, however,consistent with a model of contraction of a planet at this mass, given the ageof the system. On the other hand, at such an age, circularization is expectedto be completed. In fact, we show that for this planetary mass and orbitaldistance, any initial eccentricity should not totally vanish after 7 Gyr, aslong as the tidal quality factor Qp is more than a few 105, a value that is thelower bound of the usually expected range. Even if Corot-23b features a densityand an eccentricity that are atypical of a hot Jupiter, it is thus not anenigmatic object.

Transiting exoplanets from the CoRoT space mission - XIX. CoRoT-23b: a dense hot Jupiter on an eccentric orbit