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Radio halos are extended and diffuse non-thermal radio sources present at thecluster center, not obviously associated with any individual galaxy. A strongcorrelation has been found between the cluster X-ray luminosity and the haloradio power. We observe and analyze the diffuse radio emission present in thecomplex merging structure Abell 523, classified as a low luminosity X-raycluster, to discuss its properties in the context of the halo total radio powerversus X-ray luminosity correlation. We reduced VLA archive observations at 1.4GHz to derive a deep radio image of the diffuse emission, and compared radio,optical, and X-ray data. Low-resolution VLA images detect a giant radio haloassociated with a complex merging region. The properties of this new halo agreewith those of radio halos in general discussed in the literature, but its radiopower is about a factor of ten higher than expected on the basis of the clusterX-ray luminosity. Our study of this giant radio source demonstrates that radiohalos can also be present in clusters with a low X-ray luminosity. Only a fewsimilar cases have so far been found . This result suggests that this sourcerepresent a new class of objects, that cannot be explained by classical radiohalo models. We suggest that the particle reacceleration related to mergingprocesses is very efficient and/or the X-ray luminosity is not a good indicatorof the past merging activity of a cluster.

A giant radio halo in the low luminosity X-ray cluster Abell 523