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We present the detection of bright [CII] emission in the z=4.76 submillimetregalaxy LESS J033229.4-275619 using the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment. Thisrepresents the highest redshift [CII] detection in a submm selected,star-formation dominated system. The AGN contributions to the [CII] andfar-infrared (FIR) luminosities are small. We find an atomic mass derived from[CII] comparable to the molecular mass derived from CO. The ratio of the [CII],CO and FIR luminosities imply a radiation field strength G_0~10^3 and a density~10^4 cm^-3 in a kpc-scale starburst, as seen in local and high redshiftstarbursts. The high L_[CII]/L_FIR=2.4x10^-3 and the very highL_[CII]/L_CO(1-0) ~ 10^4 are reminiscent of low metallicity dwarf galaxies,suggesting that the highest redshift star-forming galaxies may also becharacterised by lower metallicities. We discuss the implications of a reducedmetallicity on studies of the gas reservoirs, and conclude that especially atvery high redshift, [CII] may be a more powerful and reliable tracer of theinterstellar matter than CO.

Enhanced [CII] emission in a z=4.76 submillimetre galaxy