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The transit of Venus in 2004 offered the rare possibility to remotely sense awell-known planetary atmosphere using ground-based observations for absorptionspectroscopy. Transmission spectra of Venus' atmosphere were obtained in thenear infrared using the Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT) in Tenerife. Since theinstrument was designed to measure the very bright photosphere of the Sun,extracting Venus' atmosphere was challenging. CO_2 absorption lines could beidentified in the upper Venus atmosphere. Moreover, the relative abundance ofthe three most abundant CO_2 isotopologues could be determined. Theobservations resolved Venus' limb, showing Doppler-shifted absorption linesthat are probably caused by high-altitude winds.  This paper illustrates the ability of ground-based measurements to examineatmospheric constituents of a terrestrial planet atmosphere which might beapplied in future to terrestrial extrasolar planets.

Venus transit 2004: Illustrating the capability of exoplanet transmission spectroscopy