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Future dark energy space missions such as JDEM and EUCLID are being designedto survey the galaxy population to trace the geometry of the universe and thegrowth of structure, which both depend on the cosmological model. To reach thegoal of high precision cosmology they need to evaluate the capabilities ofdifferent instrument designs based on realistic mock catalog. The aim of thispaper is to construct realistic and flexible mock catalogs based on ourknowledge of galaxy population from current deep surveys. We explore twocategories of mock catalog : (i) based on luminosity functions fit ofobservations (GOODS, UDF,COSMOS,VVDS) using the Le Phare software (ii) based onthe observed COSMOS galaxy distribution which benefits from all the propertiesof the data-rich COSMOS survey. For these two catalogs, we have producedsimulated number counts in several bands, color diagrams and redshiftdistribution for validation against real observational data. We also derivesome basic requirements to help designing future Dark Energy mission in termsof number of galaxies available for the weak-lensing analysis as a function ofthe PSF size and depth of the survey. We also compute the spectroscopic successrate for future spectroscopic redshift surveys (i) aiming at measuring BAO inthe case of the wide field spectroscopic redshift survey, and (ii) for thephotometric redshift calibration survey which is required to achieve weaklensing tomography with great accuracy. They will be publicly accessible athttp://lamwws.oamp.fr/cosmowiki/RealisticSpectroPhotCat, or by request to thefirst author of this paper.

Designing Future Dark Energy Space Mission: I. Building Realistic Galaxy Spectro-Photometric Catalogs and their first applications