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The aim of this work is to study the evolution of the rest frame colordistribution of galaxies with the redshift, in particular in the criticalinterval 1.4<z<3. We combine ultradeep spectroscopy from the GMASS project(Galaxy Mass Assembly ultradeep Spectroscopic Survey) with GOODS multi-bandphotometry (from optical to mid-infrared) to study a sample of 1021 galaxies upto m(4.5$\mu$m)=23. We find that the distribution of galaxies in the (U-B)color vs stellar mass plane is bimodal up to at least redshift z=2. We define amass complete sample of galaxies residing on the red-sequence, selectingobjects with log(M/M_{\odot})>10.1, and we study their morphological andspectro-photometric properties. We show that the contribution to this sample ofearly-type galaxies, defined as galaxies with a spheroidal morphology and nostar formation, decreases from 60-70% at z<0.5 down to ~50% at redshift z=2. Atz>2 we still find red galaxies in the mass complete sample, even if thebimodality is not seen any more. About 25% of these red galaxies at z>2 arepassively evolving, with the bulk of their stars formed at redshift z>`3.

GMASS Ultradeep Spectroscopy of Galaxies at z~2. III: The emergence of the color bimodality at z~2