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Aims. The aim of this paper is to investigate the environment of gamma ray bursts (GRBs) and the interstellar matter of their host galaxies. Methods. To this purpose we use high resolution spectroscopic observations of the afterglow of  RB050922C, obtained with UVES/VLT ∼ 3.5 h after the GRB event. Results. We found that, as for most high resolution spectra of GRBs, the spectrum  of the afterglow of GRB050922C is complex. At least seven components contribute to the main absorption system at z = 2.1992. The detection of lines of neutral elements like MgIand the detection of fine-structure levels of the ions FeII, SiII and CII allows us to separate components in the GRB ISM along the line of sight. Moreover, in addition to the main system, we analyzed the five intervening systems between z = 2.077 and z = 1.5664 identified along the GRB line of sight. Conclusions. GRB afterglow spectra are very complex, but full of information. This can be used to disentangle the contribution of the different parts of the GRB host galaxy and to study their properties. Our metallicity estimates agree with the scenario of GRBs exploding in low metallicity galaxiesFil: Piranomonte, S.. Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma; ItaliaFil: Ward, P. A.. Mullard Space Science Laboratory; Reino UnidoFil: Fiore, F.. Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma; ItaliaFil: Vergani, S. D.. Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies; IrlandaFil: D'Elia, V.. Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma; ItaliaFil: Krongold, Y.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Nicastro, F.. Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma; ItaliaFil: Meurs, E. J. A.. Dublin City University; IrlandaFil: Chincarini, G.. Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera; ItaliaFil: Covino, S.. Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera; ItaliaFil: Della Valle, M.. Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte; ItaliaFil: Fugazza, D.. Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera; ItaliaFil: Norci, L.. Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies; IrlandaFil: Sbordone, L.. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Observatoire de Paris; FranciaFil: Stella, L.. Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma; ItaliaFil: Tagliaferri, G.. Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera; ItaliaFil: Burrows, D. N.. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Gehrels, N.. National Aeronautics And Space Administration; Estados UnidosFil: Goldoni, P.. Laboratoire Astroparticule et Cosmologie; FranciaFil: Malesani, D.. Niels Bohr Institute; DinamarcaFil: Mirabel Miquele, Igor Felix. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Pellizza González, Leonardo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Perna, R.. State University Of Colorado Boulder; Estados Unido

Probing the complex environments of GRB host galaxies and intervening systems: high resolution spectroscopy of GRB050922C