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To study the mass distribution of galaxy clusters up to their Virial radius,CL0016+16 seems to be a good candidate,since it is a bright massive cluster,previously considered as being dynamically relaxed. Using XMM-Newtonobservations of CL0016+16, we performed a careful X-ray background analysis,and we detected convincingly its X-ray emission up to $R_{200}$. We thenstudied its dynamical state with a detailed 2D temperature and surfacebrightness analysis of the inner part of the cluster. Using the assumption ofboth spherical symmetry and hydrostatic equilibrium (HE) we can determine themain cluster parameters: total mass, temperature profile, surface brightnessprofile and $\beta$-parameter. We also build a temperature map which clearlyexhibits departure from spherical symmetry in the centre. To estimate theinfluence of these perturbations onto our total mass estimate, we also computethe total mass in the framework of the HE approach, but this time with varioustemperature profiles obtained in different directions. These various total massestimates are consistent with each other. The temperature perturbations areclear signatures of ongoing merger activity. We also find significant residualsafter subtracting the emissivity map by a 2D $\beta$-model fit. We concludethat, although CL0016+16 shows clear signs of merger activity and departurefrom spherical symmetry in the centre, its X-ray emissivity can be detected upto $R_{200}$ and the corresponding mass $M_{200}$ can be computed directly. Itis therefore a good candidate to study cosmological scaling laws as predictedby the theory.

The distant galaxy cluster CL0016+16: X-ray analysis up to $R_{200}$