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(abridged) We present a study based on XMM data of RX J0256.5+0006, a mediumdistant (z=0.36) galaxy cluster found in the Bright SHARC catalog. Theintracluster medium shows a bimodal structure: one main cluster component and asubstructure in the west. Despite the indication of interaction we do not findany sign of temperature gradients. Due to the non-symmetric form of the maincluster we extract surface brightness profiles in different sectors around itscentre. We see large variations between the profiles, which we quantify bybeta-model fitting. The corresponding r_c's vary between 0.1-0.5Mpc and thebeta's between 0.5-1.2. The variations of the beta-model parameters indicatethat the main cluster is not entirely relaxed. This hypothesis is strengthenedby the fact that the cluster is over-luminous with respect to the (z-evolving)L_x-T relation found for nearby clusters. Comparing our profiles to thereference emission measure profile of Arnaud et al., we find that only theprofile extracted north-east (NE) of the main cluster centre is similar to thisreference profile. This indicates that only the NE profile is representativefor the relaxed part of this cluster component. Using this profile and thespectroscopically fitted temperature of T=4.9^+0.5_-0.4keV we find M_500~410^14 solar masses. This value is in agreement with the value obtained usingthe z-evolving M_500-T relation from the HIFLUGCS sample. For the gas massfraction we find f_g~18-20% which is in good agreement with other work. We alsodevelop a simple on-axis merger model for the cluster. Together with a simpleram pressure model we find that the most likely physical distance of thesubcluster to the main cluster lies between 0.6<d<1.0Mpc. We find for the ratioof subcluster to main cluster mass values between 20-30%.Comment: 19 pages including 19 figures (including 4 figures in jpg and png  format), accepted for publication in A&

RX J0256.5+0006: A merging cluster of galaxies atz= 0.36 observed with XMM-NEWTON