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We present Fabry-Perot and multi-object spectroscopy of the galaxies inHickson compact group 31 (HCG31). Based upon our H$\alpha$ data cubes, galaxiesA and C are a single entity, showing no discontinuity in their kinematics.Kinematically, galaxy E is probably a component of the A+C complex; otherwiseit is a recently detached fragment. Galaxy F appears, both kinematically andchemically, to have formed from material tidally removed from the A+C complex.Galaxies B and G are kinematically distinct from this complex. Galaxy Q alsohas a radial velocity compatible with group membership. Galaxies A, B, C, and Fhave nearly identical oxygen abundances, despite spanning a luminosity range of5$ $mag. Galaxy B's oxygen abundance is normal for its luminosity, while galaxyF's abundance is that expected given its origin as a tidal fragment of the A+Ccomplex. The oxygen abundances in galaxies A and C are also understandable ifthe A+C complex is a late-type spiral suffering strong gas inflow and starformation as a result of a tidal interaction. Given the kinematics of both thegalaxies and the \ion{H}{i} gas, the oxygen abundances, and the position ofgalaxy G, we propose that an interaction of galaxy G with the A+C complex,rather than a merger of galaxies A and C, is a more complete explanation forthe tidal features and other properties of HCG31. In this case, the A+C complexneed not be a merger in progress, though this is not ruled out.Comment: accepted for publication by Astronomy & Astrophysic

Is HCG 31 undergoing a merger or a fly-by interaction?