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We present high-resolution X-ray spectroscopic observations of M87 with theReflection Grating Spectrometers on XMM-Newton. We detect strong K-shell lineemission from N, O, Ne, Mg, some emission from He-like Si, a fully resolved setof Fe L-shell emission spectra, and some emission from C. The angular intensitydistributions of the strong emission lines are detectably resolved on scales(15-160) arcsec. The gas in the inner arcmin of M87 has a multi-phasestructure, as indicated by the similarity of the emission line profiles of Fe Lshell ions with widely separated ionization potentials. The global Fe Lspectrum is approximately consistent with an isothermal plasma at kT_e ~ 1.8keV, in addition to a component with a temperature distribution appropriate toan isobaric cooling flow, but with a minimum temperature cutoff of kT_min ~ 600eV. The behaviour of this cooling-flow component is qualitatively similar towhat is seen in other cooling flow clusters. Finally, we do not find any strongevidence for a spatial variation in abundances due to resonance scatteringredistribution in the inner arcminute of the core.Comment: accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics, 8 pages, 4 figure

High resolution soft X-ray spectroscopy of M 87 with the reflection grating spectrometers on $\vec{XMM-Newton}$