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We present an atlas of spectra of O- and B-type stars, obtained with theShort Wavelength Spectrometer (SWS) during the Post-Helium program of theInfrared Space Observatory (ISO). This program is aimed at extending the Morgan& Keenan classification scheme into the near-infrared. Later type stars will bediscussed in a seperate publication. The observations consist of 57 SWSPost-Helium spectra from 2.4 to 4.1 microns, supplemented with 10 spectraacquired during the nominal mission with a similar observational setting. ForB-type stars, this sample provides ample spectral converage in terms of subtypeand luminosity class. For O-type stars,the ISO sample is coarse and thereforeis complemented with 8 UKIRT L'-band observations. In terms of the presence ofdiagnostic lines, the L'-band is likely the most promising of the near-infraredatmospheric windows for the study of the physical properties of B stars.Specifically, this wavelength interval contains the Brackett alpha, Pfundgamma, and other Pfund lines which are probes of spectral type, luminosityclass and mass loss. Here, we present simple empirical methods based on thelines present in the 2.4 to 4.1 microns interval that allow the determinationof: the spectral type of B dwarfs and giants to within two subtypes; theluminosity class of B stars to within two classes; the mass-loss rate of Ostars and B supergiants to within 0.25 dex.Comment: 19 pages, 11 Postscript figures, accepted by A&

An atlas of 2.4 to 4.1μm ISO/SWS spectra of early-type stars