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We present and interpret observations of atomic and molecular gas toward thesouthern elliptical galaxy NGC 1316 (Fornax A), a strong double-lobe radiosource with a disturbed optical morphology that includes numerous shells andloops. The 12CO(1-0), 12CO(2-1), and HI observations were made with SEST andthe VLA. CO emission corresponding to a total molecular hydrogen mass of 5x10^8Msun was detected toward the central position as well as northwest andsoutheast of the nucleus in the regions of the dust patches. The origin of thatgas is likely external and due to accretion of one or several small gas-richgalaxies. HI was not detected in the central region of NGC1316, but ~2x10^7Msun of atomic gas was found toward the giant HII region discovered bySchweizer (1980) located 6.7 arcmin (or 36.2 kpc) from the nucleus. HI was alsofound at three other locations in the outer part of NGC 1316. The HIdistributions and kinematics of the two nearby spiral companions of NGC 1316,NGC 1317 (a barred galaxy to the north) and NGC 1310 (to the west) could bestudied. Both galaxies have unusually small HI disks that may have beenaffected by ram-pressure stripping.

Atomic and molecular gas in the merger galaxy NGC 1316 (Fornax A) and its environment