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This paper presents the XMM-Newton first-light observations of the Hickson-16compact group of galaxies. Groups are possibly the oldest large-scalestructures in the Universe, pre-dating clusters of galaxies, and are highlyevolved. This group of small galaxies, at a redshift of 0.0132 (or 80 Mpc) isexceptional in the having the highest concentration of starburst or AGNactivity in the nearby Universe. So it is a veritable laboratory for the studyof the relationship between galaxy interactions and nuclear activity. Previousoptical emission line studies indicated a strong ionising continuum in thegalaxies, but its origin, whether from starbursts, or AGN, was unclear.Combined imaging and spectroscopy with the EPIC X-ray CCDs unequivocallyreveals a heavily obscured AGN and a separately identified thermal (starburst)plasma, in NGC 835, NGC 833 and NGC 839. NGC 838 shows only starburst thermalemission. Starbursts and AGN can evidently coexist in members of this highlyevolved system of merged and merging galaxies, implying a high probability forthe formation of AGN as well as starbursts in post-merger galaxies.Comment: 6 pages, accepted for publication in A&A Special Letters Edition  (First results from XMM-Newton

XMM-Newton first-light observations of the Hickson galaxy group 16