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Protection design in distribution grids is usually undertaken by simple to handle practice-oriented steady-state calculation methods. For the calculation of the minimal short-circuit current models and methods are described in IEC 60909. In the revised version from 2016 constant current sources for modelling of reactive current infeed of converter-based generators due to mandatory grid support in Germany are considered, though the infeed is voltage dependent. Moreover, the dynamic settling process of the reactive current infeed can affect the functionality of the protection, which is not taken into account in steady-state calculations. This study outlines a possibility to estimate the influence of these new dynamic effects on grid protection behaviour in steady-state calculation methods. Different types of decentralised generation (DG) units as well as other influences, e.g. grid topologies, distribution of DG or protection concepts are taken into account. The authors will show that suitable steady-state calculations are sufficient for practical protection analysis. The risk of undesirable reactions of the grid protection can be minimised by the use of the derived general recommendations.

Practise-oriented consideration of the dynamic fast fault current of power park modules in grid protection analysis