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Many antimetabolites and alkylating agents (e.g. 5-fluorouracil, amethopterin, aphoxide and apholate) at concentrations of 005-10O% in food given to adult houseflies (Musca domestica L.) induce sterility in one or both sexes (LaBrecque, Adcock & Smith, 1961; LaBrecque, 1961). Some sterilants interrupt or prevent normal oviposition, whereas others cause the deposition of non-viable eggs. Also, depending on the compound used, either permanent or temporary sterility can be induced by many of these chemicals (Painter & Kilgore, 1964). Kilgore & Painter (1962) reported that the chemosterilant 5-fluoro[14C]uracil, or a metabolic product, was incorporated into the internal components of housefly eggs after the consumption of a treated diet by the adult insects. There was a correlation between the amount of radioactive material in the eggs and egg viability. Plapp, Bigley, Chapman & Eddy (1962), studying the metabolism of the sterilant methaphoxide, found that the chemical was completely degraded within 48 hr. after injection into the thorax, but that the 32p from labelled methaphoxide appeared to increase in the ovaries of houseflies for 24 hr. after administration. The methaphoxide content of the ovaries declined rapidly after reaching a peak 1 hr. after treatment. Except for these studies, there have been few reports on the mechanism of action or biological effects of chemosterilants in insects. Much information has been published on the synthesis of nucleic acids during the development of sea-urchin eggs, frog eggs and chick embryos (Hoff-J0rgensen, 1954), although little is known about the development of these components in viable or non-viable housefly eggs. Therefore, in conjunction with our studies on the mechanism of action of chemosterilants in houseflies, the concentrations ofRNA and DNA as well as the concentrations of two enzymes, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase, were determined in both viable and non-viable eggs during the normal incubation period immediately after deposition. The non-viable eggs used were deposited by adult insects given diets treated with the chemosterilant apholate. The results of these experiments are reported below.

Effect of the chemosterilant apholate on the synthesis of cellular components in developing housefly eggs