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We investigate the coalescence of surfactant-laden water droplets by usingseveral different surfactant types and a wide range of concentrations by meansof a coarse-grained model obtained by the statistical associating fluid theory.Our results demonstrate in detail a universal mass transport mechanism ofsurfactant across many concentrations and several surfactant types during theprocess. Coalescence initiation is seen to occur via a single pinch due toaggregation of surface surfactant, and its remnants tend to become engulfed inpart inside the forming bridge. Across the board we confirm the existence of aninitial thermal regime with constant bridge width followed by a later inertialregime with bridge width scaling roughly as the square root of time, but see noevidence of an intermediate viscous regime. Coalescence becomes slower assurfactant concentration grows, and we see evidence of the appearance of afurther slowdown of a different nature for several times the criticalconcentration. We anticipate that our results provide further insights in themechanisms of coalescence of surfactant-laden droplets.

Molecular dynamics simulation of the coalescence of surfactant-laden droplets