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Recently, the degradation of non-chlorinated organic pollutants in saline pharmaceutical wastewater by SO 4 ˙ - -based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) has received widespread attention. However, little is known about the oxidation of chlorinated compounds in SO 4 ˙ - -based AOPs. This study chose clofibric acid (CA) as a chlorinated pollutant model; the oxidation kinetics and mechanistic pathway were explored in the Co 2+ /peroxymonosulfate (PMS) system. Notably, a high removal efficiency (81.0%) but low mineralization rate (9.15%) of CA within 120 min were observed at pH 3.0 during Co 2+ /PMS treatment. Exogenic Cl - had a dual effect (inhibitory then promoting) on CA degradation. Several undesirable chlorinated by-products were formed in the Co 2+ /PMS system. This demonstrated endogenic chlorine and exogenic Cl - both reacted with SO 4 ˙ - to generate chlorine radicals, which participated in the dechlorination and rechlorination of CA and its by-products. Furthermore, SO 4 ˙ - was the dominant species responsible for CA degradation at low Cl - concentrations (≤1 mM), whereas Cl 2 ˙ - was the predominant radical at [Cl - ] 0 &gt; 1 mM. A possible degradation pathway of CA was proposed. Our findings suggested that chlorinated compounds in highly saline pharmaceutical wastewater will be more resistant and deserve more attention.

rsc advances

Kinetic and mechanistic insights into the degradation of clofibric acid in saline wastewater by Co<sup>2+</sup>/PMS process: a modeling and theoretical study

Kinetic and mechanistic insights into the degradation of clofibric acid in saline wastewater by Co2+/PMS process: a modeling and theoretical study

Kinetic and mechanistic insights into the degradation of clofibric acid in saline wastewater by Co²⁺/PMS process: a modeling and theoretical study