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When a liquid drop impacts on a heated substrate, it can remain deposited, orviolently boil in contact, or lift off with or without ever touching thesurface. The latter is known as the Leidenfrost effect. The duration and areaof the liquid--substrate contact is highly relevant for the heat transfer, aswell as other effects such as corrosion. However, most experimental studiesrely on side view imaging to determine contact times, and those are often mixedwith the time until the drop lifts off from the substrate. Here, we develop andvalidate a reliable method of contact time determination using high-speed X-rayand Total Internal Reflection measurements. We exemplarily compare contact andlift-off times on flat silicon and sapphire substrates. We show that drops canrebound even without formation of a complete vapor layer, with a wide range oflift-off times. On sapphire, we find a local minimum of lift-off times muchshorter than by capillary rebound in the comparatively low-temperature regimeof transition boiling / thermal atomization. We elucidate the underlyingmechanism related to spontaneous rupture of the lamella and receding of thecontact area.

Drop Impact on Hot Plates: Contact times, Lift-off and the Lamella Rupture