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Pseudo-ginsengenin DQ (PDQ) is the product of the oxidative cyclization of protopanaxadiol. PDQ exhibits various bioactivities, including reversal of multidrug resistance in cancer, renal protective effects against acute nephrotoxicity and attenuating myocardial ischemia injury induced by isoproterenol or ligation of coronary arterials, but its effect on arrhythmias has not been clear until now. Because of the complicated effects of ginseng on the cardiovascular system, it is necessary to investigate whether PDQ affects arrhythmias, which are always concomitant with other cardiac diseases. Aconitine was used to induce arrhythmia in vivo . To understand its electrophysiological fundamental, whole-cell patch-clamp was used to record the L-type calcium current ( I  Ca,L ) and potassium currents ( I  K and I  K1 ) in the ventricular myocytes in rats. Oral administration of PDQ exerted obvious antiarrhythmic effects, as indicated by the decreased incidence rate, lower number of occurrences, and shorter duration time of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia, decreased mortality rate and increased survival time. I  Ca,L and I  K were inhibited by PDQ treatment while I  K1 was not affected. To conclude, PDQ may have an anti-arrhythmia effect through inhibiting I  Ca,L and I  K .

Pseudo-ginsengenin DQ ameliorated aconitine-induced arrhythmias by influencing Ca2+ and K+ currents in ventricular myocytes

Pseudo-ginsengenin DQ ameliorated aconitine-induced arrhythmias by influencing Ca²⁺ and K⁺ currents in ventricular myocytes