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Colloidal synthesis is harnessed for gram-scale preparation of hexagonal-shaped plate-like Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 particles, yielding nearly 5 g of the product in one experiment. The resultant textured particles are highly crystalline, phase-pure, chemically uniform, and can serve as a starting material for the preparation of bulk thermoelectrics for room temperature applications. The consolidation occurs via spark plasma sintering, which affords nanostructured n-type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 material exhibiting a high figure of merit ZT ≈ 1 at 373 K with average ZT ≈ 0.93 (300-473 K). Our experimental and theoretical efforts indicate that the high thermoelectric performance is attributed to a favorable combination of the resultant transport properties. Specifically, bottom-up consolidation of plate-like particles results in substantial reduction of thermal conductivity by nanostructuring as observed experimentally and can be ascribed to phonon scattering at grain boundaries and suppressed bipolar conduction. When coupled to high electrical conductivity, preserved on bulk level as confirmed by ab initio calculations, these factors boost the thermoelectric performance of the consolidated n-type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 bulk nanostructured alloy to the state-of-the-art level. The combination of newly developed scalable colloidal synthesis with optimized spark plasma sintering constitutes a convenient route to nanostructured bulk thermoelectrics, which is an interesting pathway for the preparation of simple and complex thermoelectric chalcogenides.

nanoscale advances

Scalable colloidal synthesis of Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 plate-like particles give access to a high-performing n-type thermoelectric material for low temperature application