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Recent experiments on monolayers of spindle-like cells plated on adhesivestripe-shaped domains have provided a convincing demonstration that certaintypes of collective phenomena in epithelia are well described by active nematichydrodynamics. While recovering some of the hallmark predictions of thisframework, however, these experiments have also revealed a number of unexpectedfeatures that could be ascribed to the existence of chirality over lengthscales larger than the typical size of a cell. In this article we elaborate onthe microscopic origin of chiral stresses in nematic cell monolayers andinvestigate how chirality affects the motion of topological defects, as well asthe collective motion in stripe-shaped domains. We find that chiralityintroduces a characteristic asymmetry in the collective cellular flow, fromwhich the ratio between chiral and non-chiral active stresses can be inferredby particle-image-velocimetry measurements. Furthermore, we find that chiralitychanges the nature of the spontaneous flow transition under confinement andthat, for specific anchoring conditions, the latter has the structure of animperfect pitchfork bifurcation.

Chiral stresses in nematic cell monolayers