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We report on sensing stability of nanodiamond (ND) quantum sensors in variouspH aqueous buffer solutions for the two detection schemes of quantumdecoherence spectroscopy and thermometry. The electron spin properties ofsingle nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in 25-nm-sized NDs have been characterizedby a spin-measurement compatible perfusion (SMCP) chamber where observing thesame individual NDs in different buffer solutions is possible. With thissystem, we have determined the stability of the NV quantum sensors during thepH change from 4 to 11 as the fluctuations of +- 12% and +- 0.2 MHz for thespin coherence time ($T_2$) and the resonance frequency ($\omega_0$) of theirmean values, which are comparable to the instrumental error of the measurementsystem. Here, we discuss the importance of characterizing the sensing stabilityduring pH changes and how the present observations affect ND-based NV quantumsensing.

Monitoring spin coherence of single nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamonds during pH changes in aqueous buffer solutions