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N-doped porous carbon nanospheres were fabricated directly by pyrolyzing chitin nanogels, which were facilely prepared by mechanical agitation induced sol-gel transition of chitin solution in NaOH/urea solvent. The resulting carbon nanospheres displayed ordered micropores (centered at ∼0.6 nm) and high BET surface area of up to 1363 m 2 g -1 , which is substantially larger than that of the carbons from raw chitin (600 m 2 g -1 ). In addition, the carbon nanospheres retained a nitrogen content of 3.2% and excellent conductivity. Consequently, supercapacitor electrodes prepared from the carbon nanospheres pyrolyzed at 800 °C showed a specific capacitance as high as 192 F g -1 at a current density of 0.5 A g -1 and impressive rate capability (81% retention at 10 A g -1 ). When assembled in a symmetrical two-electrode cell, N-doped porous carbon nanospheres demonstrated excellent cycling stability both in aqueous and organic electrolytes (95% retention after 10 000 cycles at 10 A g -1 ), together with outstanding energy density of 5.1 W h kg -1 at the power density of 2364.9 W kg -1 . This work introduces a novel and efficient method to prepared N-doped porous carbon nanospheres directly from chitin and demonstrates the great potential of utilization of abundant polymers from nature in power storage.

Nitrogen doped microporous carbon nanospheres derived from chitin nanogels as attractive materials for supercapacitors