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Two-dimensional (2D) materials can be used as stabilizing templates forexotic nanostructures, including pore-stabilized, free-standing patches ofelemental metal monolayers. Although these patches represent metal clustersunder extreme conditions and are thus bound for investigations, they are poorlyunderstood as their energetic stability trends and the most promising elementsremain unknown. Here, using density-functional theory simulations and liquiddrop model to explore the properties of 45 elemental metal candidates, weidentify metals that enable the largest and most stable patches. Simulationsshow that pores can stabilize patches up to $\sim 8$ nm$^2$ areas and that themost prominent candidate in a graphene template is Cu. The results, which aregeneralizable to templates also beyond graphene, provide encouragement forfurther, even more resolute experimental pursuit of 2D metals.

Stability limits of elemental 2D metals in graphene pores