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Three typical one-dimensional (1D)/quasi-1D nanocarbons, linear carbonchains, carbon nanotubes, and graphene nanoribbons have been proven to growinside single-wall carbon nanotubes. This gives rise to three types of hybridmaterials whose behaviour and properties compared among each other are far fromunderstood. After proving successful the synthesis of these nanostructuredmaterials in recently published work, we have now been able to study theiroxidation stability systematically by using resonance Raman spectroscopy.Surprisingly, the linear carbon chains, which have been theoretically predictedto be very unstable, are actually thermally stable up to 500 {\deg}C assistedby the protection of the carbon nanotube hosts. Besides, longer linear carbonchains inside narrower CNTs are more stable than the shorter ones inside largertubes, suggesting that the thermal stability not only depends on the length oflinear carbon chains alone, but it is correlated with the confinement of thehost tubes in a more complicated manner. In addition, graphene nanoribbons comeoverall in view as the most stable confined structures. On the other hand,peculiarities like the higher stability of the (6,5) CNT over its (6,4)counterpart allow this study to provide a solid platform for further studies onthe application of these 1D nanocarbons (including true 1D linear carbonchains) at ambient conditions.

Oxidation stability of confined linear carbon chains, carbon nanotubes, and graphene nanoribbons as 1D nanocarbons