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The mechanosensitivity of cells, which determines how they are able torespond to mechanical signals received from their environment, is crucial forthe functioning of all biological systems. In experiments, cells placed oncyclically stretched substrates have been shown to reorient in a direction thatdepends not only on the type of cell, but also on the mechanical properties ofthe substrate, and the amplitude and rate of stretching. However, theunderlying biochemical and mechanical mechanisms responsible for thisrealignment are still not completely understood. In this study, we introduce acomputational model for fast crawling on cyclically stretched substrates thataccounts for the sub-cellular processes responsible for the cell shape andmotility, as well as the coupling to the substrate through the focal adhesionsites. In particular, we focus on the role of the focal adhesion dynamics, andshow that the reorientation under cyclic stretching is strongly dependent onthe frequency, as has been observed experimentally. Furthermore, we show thatan asymmetry during the loading and unloading phases of the stretching, whethercoming from the response of the cell itself, or from the stretching protocol,can be used to selectively align the cells in either the parallel orperpendicular directions.

Modeling the Mechanosensitivity of Fast-Crawling Cells on Cyclically Stretched Substrates