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We investigate the swim pressure exerted by non-chiral and chiral activeparticles on convex or concave circular boundaries. Active particles aremodeled as non-interacting and non-aligning self-propelled Brownian particles.The convex and concave circular boundaries are used as models representing afixed inclusion immersed in an active bath and a cavity (or container)enclosing the active particles, respectively. We first present a detailedanalysis of the role of convex versus concave boundary curvature and of thechirality of active particles on their spatial distribution, chirality-inducedcurrents, and the swim pressure they exert on the bounding surfaces. Theresults will then be used to predict the mechanical equilibria of suspendedfluid enclosures (generically referred to as 'droplets') in a bulk with activeparticles being present either inside the bulk fluid or within the suspendeddroplets. We show that, while droplets containing active particles andsuspended in a normal bulk behave in accordance with standard capillaryparadigms, those containing a normal fluid exhibit anomalous behaviors whensuspended in an active bulk. In the latter case, the excess swim pressureresults in non-monotonic dependence of the inside droplet pressure on thedroplet radius. As a result, we find a regime of anomalous capillarity for asingle droplet, where the inside droplet pressure increases upon increasing thedroplet size. In the case of two interconnected droplets, we show thatmechanical equilibrium can occur also when they have different sizes. Wefurther identify a regime of anomalous ripening, where two unequal-sizeddroplets can reach a final state of equal sizes upon interconnection, in starkcontrast with the standard Ostwald ripening phenomenon, implying shrinkage ofthe smaller droplet in favor of the larger one.

Active fluids at circular boundaries: Swim pressure and anomalous droplet ripening