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We study binary mixtures of small active and big passive athermal particlesinteracting via soft repulsive forces on a frictional substrate. Athermal selfpropelled particles are known to phase separate into a dense aggregate and adilute gas-like phase at fairly low packing fractions. Known as {\emph{motility induced phase separation}}, this phenomenon governs the behaviour ofbinary mixtures for small to intermediate size ratios of the particle species.An effective attraction between passive particles, due to the surroundingactive medium, leads to true phase separation for large size ratios and volumefractions of active particles. The effective interaction between active andpassive particles can be attractive or repulsive at short range depending onthe size ratio and volume fractions of the particles. This affects theclustering of passive particles. We find three distinct phases based on thespatial distribution of passive particles.  The cluster size distribution of passive particles decays exponentially inthe {\emph{homogeneous phase}}. It decays as a power law with an exponentialcutoff in the {\emph{clustered phase}} and tends to a power law as the systemapproaches the transition to the {\emph{phase separated state}}. We present aphase diagram in the plane defined by the size ratio and volume fraction ofpassive particles.

Phase separation in binary mixtures of active and passive particles