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The fluoride anion (F - ) sensing abilities of 1-hydroxyl-3,4,9,10-tetra ( n -butoxyloxycarbonyl) perylene (probe 1) and 1-hydroxyl-mono-five-membered S -heterocyclic annulated tetra ( n -butoxyloxycarbonyl) perylene (probe 2) were studied through visual detection experiments, UV-Vis, fluorescence, and 1 H NMR titrations. The probes were sensitive and selective for distinguishing F - from other anions (Cl - , Br - , I - , SO 4  - , PF 6  - , H 2 PO 4  - , BF 4  - , ClO 4  - , OH - , CH 3 COO - , and HPO 4  2- ) through a change of UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra. The absorption and fluorescence emission properties of the probes arise from the intermolecular proton transfer (IPT) process between a hydrogen atom on the phenolic O position of probe and the F - anion. The sensing mechanism was supported by theoretical investigation. Moreover, probe-based test strips can conveniently detect F - without any additional equipment, and they can be used as fluorescent probes for monitoring F - in living cells.

Novel fluorescent probes for the fluoride anion based on hydroxy-substituted perylene tetra-(alkoxycarbonyl) derivatives