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Nanotechnology in agriculture and food industry has attracted significant attention over the past few decades. Benefiting from the introduction of controlled release capability, drug/cargo delivery systems possess great advantages for plants in delivering plant genes, hormones, pesticides, and fertilizers to mediate their growth. Herein, we construct a new smart multi-stimuli responsive hormone delivery system to regulate the release of gibberellin acid (GA3) for plant growth. Hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles have been utilized as nanocarriers, upon which water soluble carboxylatopillar[5]arene ammonium (WP[5]A) functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles (WP[5]A-Fe3O4) are installed as nanovalves via host–guest interactions (WP[5]A-Fe3O4 capped HMSNs are denoted as HMSN/Fe3O4). Bidirectional pH-responsive supramolecular nanovalves have been constructed for the first time, and under acidic or alkaline conditions hormones can be released out from GA3-loaded HMSN/Fe3O4 (GA3-HMSN/Fe3O4) to promote the growth of plants. Interestingly, the GA3-HMSN/Fe3O4 nanoparticles can also respond to other stimuli including 1,4-butanediamine (BDA) and ultrasound. This smart delivery system has been successfully applied in plants like Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) and cabbages, and our experimental results suggested that the GA3-HMSN/Fe3O4 hybrid nanomaterials can obviously promote the growth of both plants. Therefore, we envision that this magnetic multi-stimuli responsive system will hopefully play an important role in promoting agricultural industry development.

A triple-stimuli responsive hormone delivery system equipped with pillararene magnetic nanovalves