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We systematic investigate the collapse of a set of open-cell nanoporous Cu(np-Cu) with the same porosity and shapes, but different specific surface area,during thermal annealing, via performing large-scale molecular dynamicssimulations. Surface premelting is dominated in their collapses, and surfacepremelting temperatures reduce linearly with the increase of specific surfacearea. The collapse mechanisms are different for np-Cu with different specificsurface area. If the specific surface area less than a critical value ($\sim$2.38 nm$^{-1}$), direct surface premelting, giving rise to the transition ofligaments from solid to liquid states, is the cause to facilitate falling-downof np-Cu during thermal annealing. While surface premelting and followingrecrystallization, accelerating the sloughing of ligaments and annihilation ofpores, is the other mechanism, as exceeding the critical specific surface area.The recrystallization occurs at the temperatures below supercooling, whereliquid is instable and instantaneous. Thermal-induced surface reconstructionprompts surface premelting via facilitating local "disordering" and "chaotic"at the surface, which are the preferred sites for surface premelting.

Surface reconstruction, premelting, and collapse of open-cell nanoporous Cu via thermal annealing