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Electro-osmosis (EO) is a powerful tool to manipulate liquids in micro andnanofluidic systems. While EO has been studied extensively at liquid-solidinterfaces, the case of liquid-vapor interfaces, found e.g. in foam films andbubbles, remains to be explored. Here we perform molecular dynamics (MD)simulations of EO in a film of aqueous electrolyte covered with fluid layers ofionic surfactants and surrounded by gas. Following the experimental procedure,we compute the zeta potential from the EO velocity, defined as the velocitydifference between the middle of the liquid film and the surrounding gas. Weshow that the zeta potential can be smaller or larger than existing predictionsdepending on the surfactant coverage. We explain the failure of previousdescriptions by the fact that surfactants and bound ions move as rigid bodiesand do not transmit the electric driving force to the liquid locally.Considering the reciprocal streaming current effect, we then develop anextended model, which can be used to predict the experimental zeta potential ofsurfactant-laden liquid-gas interfaces.

Electro-osmosis at surfactant-laden liquid-gas interfaces: beyond standard models