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Treating nanosheets (∼4 nm thick) of RE2(OH)5NO3·nH2O layered hydroxyl nitrate (LREH-NO3−, RE = Y0.95Eu0.05) with KF solution at a low temperature of ∼90 °C yielded F−-substituted LREH (RE2(OH)5F·nH2O), RE(OH)3−xFx hydroxyfluoride (x = 1.15–1.51), and K5RE9F32 complex fluoride depending on the F/RE molar ratio (R) used for phase conversion (R = 3 : 3–200 : 3). Calcining RE(OH)3−xFx of a relatively high F content (x = 1.29–1.51, R = 40 : 3–70 : 3) at 450 °C in air produced REO(3−x)/2Fx oxyfluorides, with the F/RE molar ratio close to that of the orthorhombic structured Y5O4F7 phase. Oxidation of REO(3−x)/2Fx to form REOF and even RE2O3 was observed at temperatures above ∼700 °C. The materials were characterized in depth by the combined techniques of elemental analysis, XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, FTIR, and TG to reveal the process of composition, phase, and morphology evolution, and the photoluminescent properties of the resultant hydroxyfluoride, oxyfluoride and complex fluoride were also elaborated with regard to the crystal structure of the host lattice, F content, and the temperature of calcination.

rsc advances

Interacting layered hydroxide nanosheets with KF leading to Y/Eu hydroxyfluoride, oxyfluoride, and complex fluoride nanocrystals and investigation of photoluminescence