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Discrimination and identification of multiple metalloproteins by a single sensor system are challenging. Based on the strategy of surfactant assembly modulation effect, a strong discriminative sensor based on a pyrene-derived fluorophore and an anionic surfactant assembly was developed. A cholic acid-modified pyrene derivative, 1, was synthesized and it can form supramolecular aggregates in aqueous solution. Its fluorescence emission could be well modulated from monomer-dominant to monomer–excimer co-emission by the anionic surfactant, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS). Fluorescence measurements found that the binary ensemble based on 1/SDBS exhibited cross-reactive sensing behavior towards different metalloproteins, and principal component analysis revealed that the present ensemble sensor could discriminate 7 different metalloproteins in aqueous solution. Moreover, the discrimination of metalloproteins could be further applied in biological fluids such as serum or urine.

Fluorescent binary ensemble with pattern recognition ability for identifying multiple metalloproteins with applications in serum and urine