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BiPO4 microspheres with three kinds of crystal phase (h-BiPO4, m-BiPO4 and n-BiPO4) were prepared by a facile hydrothermal-calcination process. The crystalline phase, microstructures and photoelectrochemical properties were studied by various techniques. The results indicated that h-BiPO4 could transform into m-BiPO4 at 600 °C. Interestingly, h-BiPO4 accompanied with a little bit of n-BiPO4 would transform into n-BiPO4. After UV irradiation for 2 h, conversion of 94.6% and a mineralization rate of 76.8% could be achieved on n-BiPO4 for photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A, which is almost 1.33 times as high as that of m-BiPO4 and 3.14 times that of h-BiPO4. Moreover, the n-BiPO4 also displayed the highest photocatalytic activity for degradation of other phenols (phenol and p-chlorophenol) in water and gaseous benzene. The enhancement of activity could be attributed to the improvement of the photogenerated electron–hole separation efficiency, which would be conducive to the formation of active species (hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) and superoxide radicals (˙O2−)). The results suggest that n-BiPO4 shows potential applications as an efficient and stable photocatalyst for the photocatalytic decomposition of persistent organic pollutants in water and in the gas phase.

rsc advances

Hierarchical h-, m- and n-BiPO<sub>4</sub> microspheres: facile synthesis and application in the photocatalytic decomposition of refractory phenols and benzene

Hierarchical h-, m- and n-BiPO4 microspheres: facile synthesis and application in the photocatalytic decomposition of refractory phenols and benzene

Hierarchical h-, m- and n-BiPO₄ microspheres: facile synthesis and application in the photocatalytic decomposition of refractory phenols and benzene