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A systematic study on the magnetic, magnetocaloric and critical behavior properties of polycrystalline La0.7Ca0.1Pb0.2Mn1−x−yAlxSnyO3 prepared via a sol–gel method are studied. These compounds present a single magnetic transition from a ferromagnetic (FM) to paramagnetic (PM) phase with decreasing temperature. The critical exponents are estimated using various techniques, such as a modified Arrott plot, the Kouvel–Fisher method and critical isotherm analysis based on the data of static magnetic measurements recorded around the Curie temperature, TC. The estimated critical exponent values are found to be consistent and comparable to those predicted by the 3D-Ising model for x, y = 0.0 and by the mean field model for x, y = 0.05 and 0.075. We have confirmed the obtained critical exponents with the single scaling equation: M(μ0H,e) = eβf ± (μ0H/eβ+γ), where e = (T − TC)/TC is the reduced temperature. We have investigated the validity and usefulness of theoretical modeling in our compound La0.7Ca0.1Pb0.2Mn1−x−yAlxSnyO3 based on the mean-field analysis of the magnetic entropy change (−ΔSM) versus the magnetization data. For comparison, the MSp has been also deduced from the classical extrapolation of the Arrott plot. We obtain an excellent agreement between the spontaneous magnetization determined from the entropy change (−ΔSM vs. M2) and the Arrot curves (μ0H/M vs. M2), confirming the validity of the magnetic entropy change approach in order to estimate the spontaneous magnetization MSp in a ferromagnetic system.

rsc advances

Magnetic, magnetocaloric and critical behavior investigation of La0.7Ca0.1Pb0.2Mn1−x−yAlxSnyO3 (x, y = 0.0, 0.05 and 0.075) prepared by a sol–gel method