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Accepted 10th May 2017We report on the first-of-a-kind experimental demonstration of the calcination of alumina with concentrated solar thermal (CST) radiation at radiative fluxes up to 2190 suns using a 5 kW novel solar transport reactor. Aluminium hydroxide was calcined at nominal reactor temperatures over the range 1160–1550 K to yield chemical conversions of up to 95.8% for nominal residence times of approximately 3 s. Solar energy conversion efficiencies of up to 20.4% were achieved. The mean pore diameter and specific surface area of the solar-generated alumina with the greatest chemical conversion were 5.8 nm and 132.7 m² g⁻¹, respectively, which are higher values than are typical for industrial alumina production. In addition, the product is dominated by the γ-phase, which is desirable for the downstream processing to aluminium. This suggests that CST can improve the quality of alumina over existing fossil fuel based processes though a combination of a high heating rate and avoided contamination by combustion products. Furthermore, the solar-driven process has the potential to avoid the discharge of combustion-derived CO₂ emissions for the calcination stage of the conventional Bayer process, which is typically 165 kg-CO₂ per tonne-alumina.Dominic Davis, Fabian Müller, Woei L. Saw, Aldo Steinfeld and Graham J. Natha

Solar-driven alumina calcination for CO2 mitigation and improved product quality

Solar-driven alumina calcination for CO₂ mitigation and improved product quality