English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

The divalent cation Ca 2+ is a key component in many cell signaling and membrane trafficking pathways. Ca 2+ signal transduction commonly occurs through interaction with protein partners. However, in this study we show a novel mechanism by which Ca 2+ may impact membrane structure. We find an asymmetric concentration of Ca 2+ across the membrane triggers deformation of membranes containing negatively charged lipids such as phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P 2 ). Membrane invaginations in vesicles were observed forming away from the leaflet with higher Ca 2+ concentration, showing that Ca 2+ induces negative curvature. We hypothesize that the negative curvature is produced by Ca 2+ -induced clustering of PS and PI(4,5)P 2 . In support of this notion, we find that Ca 2+ -induced membrane deformation is stronger for membranes containing PI(4,5)P 2 , which is known to more readily cluster in the presence of Ca 2+ . The observed Ca 2+ -induced membrane deformation is strongly influenced by Na + ions. A high symmetric [Na + ] across the membrane reduces Ca 2+ binding by electrostatic shielding, inhibiting Ca 2+ -induced membrane deformation. An asymmetric [Na + ] across the membrane, however, can either oppose or support Ca 2+ -induced deformation, depending on the direction of the gradient in [Na + ]. At a sufficiently high asymmetric Na + concentration it can impact membrane structure in the absence of Ca 2+ . We propose that Ca 2+ works in concert with curvature generating proteins to modulate membrane curvature and shape transitions. This novel structural impact of Ca 2+ could be important for Ca 2+ -dependent cellular processes that involve the creation of membrane curvature, including exocytosis, invadopodia, and cell motility.

Cations induce shape remodeling of negatively charged phospholipid membranes