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Controlling the structure and morphology of micro/nanomaterials precisely enables us to manipulate their properties as desired. Therefore, understanding the complex growth mechanisms of micro/nanomaterials, and regulating and controlling their structure, morphology and related luminescent properties, are the focuses of chemistry and materials science. In this study, we hydrothermally synthesized three zinc borates with different structures and compositions, Zn(H2O)B2O4·0.12H2O, Zn2(OH)BO3, and H[Zn6O2(BO3)3], by adjusting the reaction temperature, and further prepared zinc borate, Zn(H2O)B2O4·0.12H2O, with three different morphologies by adjusting the pH of the reaction system. The possible growth mechanisms of these three zinc borate (Zn(H2O)B2O4·0.12H2O) morphologies are illustrated in detail. The luminescent properties of three different Tb3+-doped phosphors with different structures and Zn(H2O)B2O4·0.12H2O with three morphologies have also been investigated. Furthermore, the morphology–structure–property relationships have been discussed.

rsc advances

Controlling the structure and morphology of zinc borate by adjusting the reaction temperature and pH value: formation mechanisms and luminescent properties