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To increase the reversible capacity of layered lithium nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide, a Li[Ni0.8Co0.06Mn0.14]O2 positive electrode with a two-sloped full concentration gradient (TSFCG) was successfully synthesized via co-precipitation. The TSFCG maximizes the Ni concentration in the particle core and the Mn concentration on the particle surface. The TSFCG Li[Ni0.8Co0.06Mn0.14]O2 positive electrode showed improved overall electrochemical properties (i.e., reversible capacity, cycle life, and rate capability) and thermal stability compared to a conventional positive electrode (CC) Li[Ni0.8Co0.06Mn0.14]O2 without a concentration gradient. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the high stability of the outer surface composition of Li[Ni0.64Co0.06Mn0.30]O2 is responsible for reduction in surface resistance and charge transfer resistance by decreasing the parasitic reaction with the electrolyte. These reduced resistances explain the superior rate capability of TSFCG positive electrodes.This work was mainly supported by the Global Frontier R&D Program (2013M3A6B1078875) of the Center for Hybrid Interface Materials (HIM) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning of Korea and National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (No. 2014R1A2A1A13050479). Generalitat Valenciana (project ISIC/2012/008 Institute of Nanotechnologies for Clean Energies) is also acknowledged

journal of materials chemistry a

A high-capacity Li[Ni0.8Co0.06Mn0.14]O2positive electrode with a dual concentration gradient for next-generation lithium-ion batteries